Comparison of the effectiveness of two pulmonary surfactant administration methods among premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome / 预防医学

Objective@#To compare the effectiveness of less invasive surfactant administration (LISA) and intubate surfactant extubation (INSURE) on respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) among premature infant, so as to provide insights into improving treatment effects and reducing complications of RDS among premature infants.@*Methods@#A total of 71 premature infants with RDS in Anhui Provincial Maternity and Child Health Hospital were randomly assigned into the LISA and INSURE group, and pulmonary surfactant (PS) administration was carried out by LISA and INSURE with basic support therapy and respiratory support therapy. The general information, arterial blood gas analysis before and after treatment, respiratory support time and incidence of complications were collected and compared between the two groups.@*Results@#There were 31 cases in the LISA group, with a gestational age of (29.81±0.99) weeks and 22 male cases, and 40 cases in the INSURE group, with a gestational age of (30.02±1.13) weeks and 26 male cases. There were no significant differences in basic characteristics (including gestational age, birth weight, gender, etc.) between the two groups (all P>0.05). After administration, the level of PaO2 was lower in the LISA group than in the INSURE group [(78.35±6.55) mmHg vs. (87.68±8.21) mmHg, P<0.05], the level of PaCO2 was higher in the LISA group than in the INSURE group [(43.03±6.34) mmHg vs. (38.68±9.69) mmHg, P<0.05], and the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia was lower in the LISA group than in the INSURE group (48.39% vs. 72.50%, P<0.05). Linear regression analysis showed that with the duration of LISA administration increase (2-7 min), the minimum heart rate of premature infants increased linearly (β=13, P<0.05). @*Conclusions@#Compared with INSURE, LISA administration could slowly improve ventilation oxygenation, reduce hyperventilation and incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia among premature infants with RDS. The incidence of slow heart rate may be reduced by appropriately prolonging the administration duration.

Associations of health literacy and screen time with non-suicidal self-injury behavior among middle school students in Shenyang / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To examine the association of health literacy (HL) and screen time (ST) with non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in middle school students, and to provide guidance for prevention on self-injuries in adolescents.

Associations among childhood abuse experience and Interleukin-6 in middle school students / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of childhood abuse and examined its correlation with inflammatory factor IL-6 level in middle schools students.@*Methods@#A total of 911 junior and high school students from a middle school in Shenyang were enrolled in this study to investigate the experience of childhood abuse and its association with IL-6 level in fasting blood samples in December 2017.@*Results@#The prevalence of childhood maltreatment was 21.0%, the prevalence of physical, emotional and sexual abuse was 21.8%, 20.3% and 9.5%, respectively. Physical abuse, emotional abuse and total abuse were associated with high levels of IL-6 in junior high school boys, χ2 values were 3.88, 6.78, and 9.10, respectively (P<0.05). There was no significant correlation between abuse experiences with IL-6 levels among junior high school girls and senior high school students. Regression analysis showed that physical abuse, emotional abuse and total abuse were positively associated with IL-6 concentration among junior high school boys(OR=2.23, 3.49, 1.58, P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#Physical and emotional abuse in childhood associates with the increase of IL-6 level among junior school boys. Abnormal inflammatory factor level might be potential mechanism linking childhood abuse with adverse health outcomes.

Interaction effects of co-consumption of takeaway fast foods and sodas on depressive symptom in Chinese adolescents / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the association between co-consumption of takeaway fast foods and sodas with depressive symptoms among Chinese adolescents, and to provide a reference for reducing the occurence of depression among adolescents.@*Methods@#A multi-center population-based survey was conducted in 32 schools in 4 provinces across China. A total of 14 500 adolescents completed eligible questionnaires. Depressive symptoms were assessed by using Children’s Depression Inventory(CDI), while consumption of takeaway fast foods and sodas was collected using the semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire(FFQ).@*Results@#27.26%(3 952/14 500) of adolescents were reported of depressive symptoms. The low, middle, and high-frequency consumption of takeaway fast foods (a OR=1.12, 1.73, 1.56, P<0.05) and sodas (a OR=1.64, 2.17, 3.54, P<0.01) were associated with depressive symptoms, and dose-response relationships were observed in all association(P<0.01). Meanwhile, positive additive interactions were observed in the association(a OR=2.46, P<0.01). The relative excess risk, attribution ratio and the interaction index of synergy was 0.45(0.12-0.77), 0.18(0.06-0.30) and 1.44(1.10-1.89), respectively.@*Conclusion@#Co-consumption of takeaway fast foods and sodas significantly associates with depressive symptoms by synergistic effect among Chinese adolescents.

Inhibitory effects of Longdan Xiegan Decoction on Notch signaling in rats with experimental autoimmune uveitis / 眼科新进展

Objective To investigate the effects of Longdan Xiegan Decoction on the expression of Notch signaling-related genes in rats with experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU).Methods Totally 24 Lewis rats were randomly divided into normal control group,EAU model group and Longdan Xiegan Decoction treatment group.A rat model of EAU was established in the EAU model group and Longdan Xiegan Decoction treatment group,followed by intragastrical administration of Longdan Xiegan Decoction in the latter group after successful modeling.On day 12 after different treatments,the spleen and lymph nodes were isolated from rats of all the three groups for the collection of CD4 + T ceils,and the levels of both Th17 and Treg cells were analyzed by flow cytometry to calculate the ratio of Th17 to Treg cells.Meanwhile the levels of Notch1,Notch2,Notch3,Notch4 mRNAs expression were monitored by qRT-PCR.Moreover,the expressions of Notch signaling-related proteins were further detected using ELISA technique.Results Flow cytometry showed increased Th17 cell level but decreased Treg cell level in the EAU model group when compared with the normal control group.However,after treatment with Longdan Xiegan Decoction,the Th17 level was decreased,whereas the Treg level was increased,and the ratio of Th17 to Treg gradually restored to equilibrium when compared to EAU model group.qRT-PCR results showed that the expression levels of Notch1,Notch2 and Notch4 mRNAs in Longdan Xiegan Decoction treatment group were significantly higher than those in the normal control group (all P ＜ 0.01),but lower than those in EAU model group on day 12 after treatment (all P ＜ 0.01),without Notch 3 expression in the spleen and lymph nodes.In addition,Notch 1,Notch 2 and Notch 4 protein levels of the spleen and lymph nodes in Longdan Xiegan Decoction treatment group showed the similar tendency as compared to those of Notch 1,Notch 2 and Notch 4 mRNAs (all P ＜ 0.01),and the expression of Notch 3 protein was still not observed.Conclusion Longdan Xiegan Decoction can effectively relieve the imbalance of Th17/Treg cells in EAU rats,and its mechanism may involve the differentiation of naive CD4+ T cells into Th17 and Treg cells,which is regulated by Notch signaling.

Regression analysis of red cell distribution width and mean platelet volume in patients with acute myocardial infarction / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate clinical implications of changes in red cell distribution width (RDW) and mean platelet volume (MPV) in patients with acute myocardial infarction.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 127 patients (90 men and 37 women) were enrolled in this analysis, including 66 with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and 61 with unstable angina (UA). The patients' baseline demographic and clinical data were compared between the two groups including age, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, BMI, blood biochemical profiles, cardiac functions and platelet and red blood cell parameters. The patients were further divided into subgroups according to the RDW 50% cumulative frequency, and the MPV, P-LCR, hsCRP, NT-proBNP, RBC, Dimer and MCV were compared. The correlations between platelet and erythrocyte test results were evaluated in both the AMI and UA patients. Regression analysis was performed to identify the factors affecting the RDW in the AMI group and a regression model was established.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The platelet and red blood cell test results, P-LCR, MPV, and RDW differed significantly between AMI and UA groups (P<0.01 or 0.05). Correlation analysis showed a significant positive correlation between RDW and MPV in AMI group (r=0.34, P<0.01). Between the subgroups with different RDW 50% cumulative frequencies, MPV, P-LCR, hsCRP, D-Dimer, and NT-proBNP all differed significantly (P<0.05 or 0.01). In AMI group, with RDW as the dependent variable, we established a multivariate regression model of RDW=0.19MPV+10.83.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>RDW and MPV are closely correlated in patients with AMI. In multiple regression analysis, MPV can explain the changes in RDW in patients with AMI.</p>

Association between Prenatal Care Utilization and Risk of Preterm Birth among Chinese Women / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

It is recognized that prenatal care plays an important role in reducing adverse birth.Chinese pregnant women with medical condition were required to seek additional health care based on the recommended at least 5 times health care visits.This study was to estimate the association between prenatal care utilization (PCU) and preterm birth (PTB),and to investigate if medical conditions during pregnancy modified the association.This population-based case control study sampled women with PTB as cases;one control for each case was randomly selected from women with term births.The Electronic Perinatal Health Care Information System (EPHCIS) and a questionnaire were used for data collection.The PCU was measured by a renewed Prenatal Care Utilization (APNCU) index.Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and the 95％ confidence interval (95％ CI).Totally,2393 women with PTBs and 4263 women with term births were collected.In this study,695 (10.5％) women experienced inadequate prenatal care,and 5131 (77.1％) received adequate plus prenatal care.Inadequate PCU was associated with PTB (adjusted OR:1.41,95％ CI:1.32-1.84);the similar positive association was found between adequate plus PCU and PTB.Among women with medical conditions,these associations still existed;but among women without medical conditions,the association between inadequate PCU and PTB disappeared.Our data suggests that women receiving inappropriate PCU are at an increased risk of having PTB,but it does depend on whether the woman has a medical condition during pregnancy.

Detection and Significance of Anti-β2 Glycoprotein 1 Antibodies in Female Infertility and Threatened Abortion / 现代检验医学杂志

Objective To analysis the correlation of the anti-β2 glycoprotein 1 antibodies in female infertility and threatened a-bortion.Methods Selected 547 patients with female infertility,229 patietns with threatened abortion,229 patietns with ir-regular menses and 31 normal female between August 2013 to January 2014.All the anti-β2 glycoprotein 1 antibodies (Ig-G/Ig-M)were detected by ELISA.Detected the anti-β2 glycoprotein 1 antibodies (Ig-G/Ig-M)of 114 patients who treated with aspirin and prednisone combined with gamma globulin.Results The positive rate of anti-β2GP1 antibodies (Ig-G/Ig-M)of female infertility,threatened abortion,irregular menses and normal female were 0.36%,0.43%,1.6%,0% and 20.29%, 19.21%,8.3% and 3.2%,respectively.The positive rate of aβ2GP1-IgM of female infertility,threatened abortion,irregular menses were higher than normal female.The anti-β2GP1-IgM of the treated female infertility were 47.14± 34.85 RU/ml and 31.14±27.64 RU/ml,respectively.The anti-β2GP1-IgM of the treated threatened abortion were 37.75±31.20 RU/ml and 24.34±24.48 RU/ml,respectively.The levels of anti-β2GP1-IgM of the treated patietns were significantly lower than before.Conclusion There was a close relationship between anti-β2GP1-IgM antibodies and female infertility and threatened abortion,anti-β2GP1-IgM antibodies maybe one of the immune factors for female infertility and threatened abortion.

Establishment of confirmatory test for suspicious hepatitis B surface antigen positive samples / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Establish a confirmatory test based on ELISA, and use to verify the authenticity of HBsAg weak positive samples, pick and get rid of the false result, and avoid the mistake diagnosis.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The particles (reagent A) coated by streptavidin and biotinylated HBsAb (reagent B) were mixed in different proportions, then neutralized with serum whose the COI of HBsAg > 20 by ELISA in order to identify the activity of HBsAb in confirmatory reagent. 30 pieces of HBsAg weak positive serum neutralized with the confirmatory reagent, the serum were considered to be positive if rate of decline of HBsAg COI > 50%. The results were compared to Roche confirmatory Kit.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Confirmatory reagent was able to neutralized with HBsAg. 24 of 30 pieces of HBsAg weak positive samples were judged to be positive, while 6 poeces were negative. The ELISA comfirm method is fully consistent with Roche confirmatory Kit.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The ELISA confirmatory test for suspicious HBsAg positive samples is a simple, accurate and low cost initial validation method, After further clinical trials, should be widely applied.</p>

Inhibition of 5-HT3 Receptors-activated Currents by Cannabinoids in Rat Trigeminal Ganglion Neurons / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

This study investigated the modulatory effect of synthetic cannbinoids WIN55,212-2 on 5-HT3 receptor-activated currents (I5-Hr3) in cultured rat trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons using whole-cell patch clamp technique.The results showed that:(!) The majority of examined neurons (78.70％) were sensitive to 5-HT (3-300 μmol/L).5-HT induced inward currents in a concentrationdependent manner and the currents were blocked by ICS 205-930 (1 μmol/L),a selective antagonist of the 5-HT3 receptor; (2) Pre-application of WIN55,212-2 (0.01-1 μmol/L) significantly inhibited I5-HT3 reversibly in concentration-dependent and voltage-independent manners.The concentration-response curve of 5-HT3 receptor was shifted downward by WIN55,212-2 without any change of the threshold value.The EC50values of two curves were very close (17.5±4.5) μmol/L vs.(15.2±4.5) μmol/L and WIN55,212-2 decreased the maximal amplitude of I5-HI3 by (48.65±4.15)％; (3) Neither AM281,a selective CBI receptor antagonist,nor AM630,a selective CB2 receptor antagonist reversed the inhibition of I5-HT3by WIN55,212-2; (4) When WIN55,212-2 was given from 15 to 120 s before 5-HT application,inhibitory effect was gradually increased and the maximal inhibition took place at 90 s,and the inhibition remained at the same level after 90 s.We are led to concluded thatWIN55,212-2 inhibited I5-Hr3 significantly and neither CB1 receptor antagonist nor CB2 receptor antagonist could reverse the inhibition of I5-HT3 by WIN55,212-2.Moreover,WIN55,212-2 is not an open channel blocker (OCB) of 5-HT3 receptor.WIN55,212-2 significantly inhibited 5-HT-activated currents in a non-competitive manner.The inhibition of I5-HT3 by WIN55,212-2 is probably new one of peripheral analgesic mechanisms of WIN55,212-2,but the mechanism by which WIN55,212-2 inhibits I5-HT3 warrants further investigation.

JAK2 V617F positive essential thrombocythemia developing in a patient with CD5⁻ chronic lymphocytic leukemia / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

Coexistence of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and essential thrombocythemia (ET) in a patient is extremely rare, with only 10 cases reported thus far in literature. This paper describes a 94-year-old male having atypical B-CLL with CD5⁻ (CD5⁻) phenotype and ET. In this patient, we performed interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis which revealed 13q14.3 deletion in 31% of B-lymphocyte nuclei and RB1 deletion in 27% of B-lymphocyte nuclei, but not in neutrophils and T-lymphocytes. Furthermore, we identified JAK2 V617F mutation in the peripheral blood nucleated cells and neutrophils, but not in the B- and T-lymphocyte populations. Therefore, it was concluded that the occurrence of CD5− B-CLL and ET in this patient was pathogenically independent.

Gonadotropins and sex hormones in healthy Chinese infants.

This study was conducted to investigate the infantile changing regularity of gonadotropins and sex hormones. Serum samples were obtained from 416 healthy infants (male: 215; females: 201). In male infants, peaks in serum gonadotropins and testosterone concentrations were observed at 2-4 months. In female infants, serum FSH concentrations reached peak at 2-3 months. Before 6 months, serum testosterone and LH concentrations were higher in male, while FSH was on the contrary. Peaks in serum gonadotropins and sex hormones concentrations are reached and sexual dimorphism appears in the early infancy. Defining the range of mean values and the trends for infantile gonadotropins and sex hormones could be helpful for clinical evaluation.

An experimental study on permeability of basic fibroblast growth factor through placental barrier in rats / 第二军医大学学报

Objective: To investigate if bFGF can penetrate placental barrier. Methods: Sixteen day pregnant Wistar rats were selected. bFGF labeled with 125 I was injected peritoneally into the rats. The radioactivity of bFGF in different organs were determined in 30 min. Results: (1) 125 I bFGF was detected in the brain, heart, liver,lung and spleen. (2)With the same dose of 125 I bFGF, the concentration of it in the brain was at lowest level of all other organs.(3) In the range of safe dose, the permeability of bFGF through placental barrier was increased obviously. Conclusion: bFGF may penetrate placental barrier into rat's brain, which makes possible for the therapeutic intervention of bFGF in feotus. [

A sensitive radioimmunoassav for morphine in a single hair / 中国法医学杂志

Objective The paper described a convenient and sensitive radioirnmunoassav method which can be used to measure the amount of morphine in a single hair. Method Succinvl-eggalbumin-morphine was used as immunogen to immunize New Zealand rabbits for obtaining high quality antiserum. The morphine- labeled with Iodine-125 was purified by HPLC. The radioimmunoassay method was established and the amount of morphine in a single hair was detected. Results The affinity constant of antibody is 3.25 ? 10~11L/M. The radiochemical purity of I-mophine is 95% and the specific radioactivity is 112?Ci/?g. The detection limit for morphine (3SD from zero-dose binding) is 0.01ng/ml. Five normai person's single hair and five addict's were detected . The length of these specimens is 9-24cm and the weight of them 0.7- 2. 1mg. The amount of morphine in the hair of normai person is 1. 75 ? 0.37ng/mg (x ? 5) and that of the addictos'is 471 ?204ng/mg (x ? s). Conclusion This method can be employed for accurate mea-surement of the amount of morphine in a single hair and the result can be adopted to indicate the probability of illicit-drug use.